Clindamycin
Group
Lincosamide antibiotic
Mechanism of Action
Binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit, inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. Bacteriostatic, but can be bactericidal at higher concentrations against susceptible organisms.
Indications
- Skin and soft tissue infections (including MRSA)
- Bone and joint infections (osteomyelitis)
- Dental infections, periodontal disease
- Pelvic inflammatory disease (in combination)
- Anaerobic infections (intra-abdominal, lung abscess)
- Alternative to penicillin in streptococcal infections (e.g., pharyngitis)
Dose
- Adults: 150–450 mg orally every 6–8 hours
- IV: 600–900 mg every 8 hours
- Children: 20–40 mg/kg/day in 3–4 divided doses
Major Side Effects
- Diarrhea
- Clostridioides difficile colitis (major risk)
- Rash, urticaria
- Hepatotoxicity (rare)
- Neutropenia (rare)
Contraindications
- History of Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea
- Hypersensitivity to clindamycin or lincomycin
Compatible Fluid
- 0.9% Sodium chloride (normal saline)
- 5% Dextrose (D5W)
- Lactated Ringer’s
Route of Administration
Oral, Intravenous (IV), Intramuscular (IM), Topical
Type of Administration
Capsule, Oral solution, IV/IM injection, Topical gel/cream/lotion, Vaginal suppository